Forging- machine



(No Modl.) 2 Sheets-"Sheet 1.

J A HAMER PORGING MACHINE.

No. 403,586. Patented May 21, 1889.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J A HAMER PORGING MACHINE.

N0. 403,58-6. Patented Ma 'm, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT UFFICE.

JAMES A. HAMER, ()F READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

FORGlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,586, dated May'21,1889.

h plicetic-n filed November 13, 1888. Serial No. 290,723. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AHES A. HAMER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Reading, in the county of Berks and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forging-Machines;and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The invention relates more particularly to forging-machines adapted toform the heads of bolts. The principal object is to provide an effectivemachine the wearing parts of which will not be exposed to the scalesfrom the heated metal, and all the parts of which will be readilyaccessible for cleaning, adjustment, or repair. This object is attainedmainly by the novel arrangement and manner of operating the hammerswhich converge to the central forging-point of the machine. Thehorizontal upsetting-hammer is attached to a cross-head and operated byan eccentric on the main shaft in the ordinary manner; but the fourradial hammers employed are operated by three parallel horizontal countershafts which are rotated simultaneously by the main shaft, withwhich they are connected by gearing. The ends of these counter-shafts,which are provided with eccentrics, extend through a vertical frame, thecenter of which is the forging-point, and engage hammerplates orcross-heads working in guides on said frame, to which plates theeccentrics impart a radial movement. Only three countershafts are used,the top and bottom hammers being both operated by a single counter-shaftabove the center, the end of which shaft is provided with twoeccentrics. One of these eccentrics engages the top hammer-plate and theother the bottom hammer-plate, the latter workingin guides above theforging-point and being slotted where it passes this point, the bottomhammer being secured to its lower end. The construction is more fullydescribed be low.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete machine. Fig. 2 is a planview of the same through line 4 5 of Fig. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectionthrough line 1 2 of Fig. 1,looking toward the main shaft. Fig. 4 showsan equivalent means of connecting the several shafts which operate theradial hammers.

The main shaft B of the machine rest-s in bearings A at one end of thebed-plate A. Power is conveyed to it through the wheel B and aneccentric, B, secured centrally to the shaft, gives a reciprocatingmotion to a ham mer, IV, the head only of which is shown in thedrawings, Fig. 1. The cross-head to which it is secured and which isconnected to the eccentric B is not shown, as any convenient form maybeused. This cross-head, with its hammer, moves in guides O on the top ofthe bed-plate. A bevel-wheel, 13 on the main shaft gears with a wheel,E, on a shaft, E, at right angles to the main shaft. The shaft E issupported in the bearing D of the crossyoke D, which is bolted throughthe pads C to the bed-plate, and also in a bearing, J on a side arm, Jof a vertical frame, J, which is bolted to the bed-plate. A top shaft,G, and an opposite side shaft, H, are similarly supported in the yoke Dand frame J, and motion is conveyed to them by means of the gearwheelsE, G, and H through the idlers F on intermediate shafts, F.

Similar eccentric ends, E and H are formed on the shafts E and II,respectively, and the top shaft, G, is formed with two eccentricbearings, G and G the centers of which are on opposite sides of thecenter of the shaft, as shown.

The star-shaped vertical frameJ has the bearings J J J and J for theseveral shafts G, F, E, and H on its rear face toward the main shaft;but the front face has secured to its side arms, J binder-plates J whichserve as guides for hannner-plates to which the side hammers, R, aresecured. Similarbinders, J are bolted to the upper arm, J, which latteris recessed, so as to bring the face of thehammer-plate K, to which thelowerhammer, P, is secured, flush with the front face of the side arms,J The plate K has a square opening, K near the upper end, in which abearing, M, bored to fit the larger eccentric, G of the top shaft, G,has a side movement to suit the throw of the eccentric, and is slightlyadjustable vertically by means of set-screws The lower end of the plateextends below the side arms through the bed-plate, and the hammer P isshown as secured to it by passing through a lug, K and is adjustablybacked by a set-screw, K in a lower lug, K A slot, K in the center ofthe plate enables it to clear the horizontal hammer W, which passesthrough the central opening, J in the frame. The hammer-plate. L, towhich the upper hammer, P, 'is secured,is shown in section in Fig. 2,but is not seen in the other views,

the means of connecting it, as well as the side hammer-plates, which arenot shown at all, to the eccentric, from which they derive their motion,as also of securing the hammer to the plates, being substantiallyequivalent to those described for the plate K. The bearing N fits thesmaller eccentric, G and has a similar side movement to the bearing M,and both plates are held in place and guided by the binders J Die-arms Sare pivoted at S to the front face of the frame J, and dies 8*, (shownin Fig. 1,) suited to the body of the bolt to be formed, are secured inthe jaw ends S. These dies may be pressed together, when desired, bymeans in common use, and therefore not shown, the strain being broughtupon the side brackets, A These dies serve their usual purpose ofholding the blank from which the bolt is formed firmly and centrallywhile the metal is upset againstthem, the end strain upon the blank andupon the dies S being taken by the anvil-block A on the end of theframe, the space between the latter and the dies being occupied bysuitable loose blocks, and set-screws through the anvil-block A beingemployed, as usual, to accommodate dif ferent lengths of bolts.

In operating my machine the side hammers, R R, top and bottom hammers, Pand P, and the horizontal upsetting-hammer W are operatedsimultaneously, as desired, the movement of the radial hammers beingtaken direct from the main shaft, as described, instead of from thecross-head of the horizontal hammer.

The wearing parts of the machine are. all kept above the centralforging-point, thus preventing the great wear ordinarily occasioned byscale and dirt, and the general arrangement of the machine is superiorboth for operating and keeping in repair, and the 7 construction issimple and economical.

I do not confine my invention closely to the construction described andillustrated, as equivalent means of effecting substantially the sameresults may be readily devised. In Fig. 4, for instance, is illustratedan equivalent means of connecting the parallel eccentric shafts E, G,and H, the several wheels E G, and H gearing with the largeinternallytoothed wheel T, which turns on the vertical frame J; or anendless chain and sprocketwheels may be employed for the same pur pose.Similar equivalents in other parts of the machine it will not benecessary to specify; but

What is claimed is as follows:

. 1. In a forging-machine, the shaft G, provided with two eccentricshaving their centers on opposite sides of the shaft-center, saideccentrics being connected with separate ham; mers which are guidedradially upon a frame, substantially as set forth.

2. In a forging-machine, the parallel shafts E, G, and H, connectedsubstantially as described, and provided with eccentrics connected withseparate hammers which are guided radially upon aframe, two of saidhammers being reciprocated in opposite directions by one of said shafts,substantially as set forth. 7

3. In a forging-machine, the combination of the horizontal bed-plateprovided with anvil-block A, and the vertical frame secured thereto, amain shaft, B, with eccentric B, connected with a horizontal hammer, W,and engaging shafts E, G, and H, with eccentric ends connected withradial hammers R R, P, and P, and dies 8, all arranged and operatedsubstantially as set forth.

\ 4. In a forging-machine having radial ham- In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in itnesses:

WV. G. STEWART, ROBERT L.. KEITH.

